Blind people rely on natural sounds even more than most of
us. They learn to listen for useful sounds, and filter out those
that are not. While walking through town, the sound of a
constant line of traffic is useful for navigating a straight line
and maintaining whereabouts, whilst the voices of passersby
are not (Swan 1996). Electronic aids have been developed
which can assist a blind traveler to be more mobile
and independent. One such system registers the traveler on
a digital map with a global positioning satellite (GPS), while
virtual sounds that seem to come from landmarks and buildings
along a predefined route provide guidance (Loomis et
al. 1994). Multimedia computer programs can make maps,
diagrams and text more accessible to the visually impaired.
“Audiograf” is a program that generates a sound from part of
a diagram selected with a finger on a touch-screen. A line
between two points sounds like a plucked string, and text
selections are heard as speech (Kennel 1996). “Mathtalk”
augments a text-to-speech translator with non-verbal cues to
make it easier for a listener to understand written mathematical
expressions.
Blind people rely on natural sounds even more than most of
us. They learn to listen for useful sounds, and filter out those
that are not. While walking through town, the sound of a
constant line of traffic is useful for navigating a straight line
and maintaining whereabouts, whilst the voices of passersby
are not (Swan 1996). Electronic aids have been developed
which can assist a blind traveler to be more mobile
and independent. One such system registers the traveler on
a digital map with a global positioning satellite (GPS), while
virtual sounds that seem to come from landmarks and buildings
along a predefined route provide guidance (Loomis et
al. 1994). Multimedia computer programs can make maps,
diagrams and text more accessible to the visually impaired.
“Audiograf” is a program that generates a sound from part of
a diagram selected with a finger on a touch-screen. A line
between two points sounds like a plucked string, and text
selections are heard as speech (Kennel 1996). “Mathtalk”
augments a text-to-speech translator with non-verbal cues to
make it easier for a listener to understand written mathematical
expressions.
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